Big data analytics refers to the application of advanced data analysis techniques to datasets that are very large, diverse (including structured and unstructured data), and often arriving in real time. The ability to process data at this scale is increasingly essential to navigating today’s business world, and it is at the core of important applications such as machine learning, business intelligence, financial engineering, and other software tools to enable data-informed decision-making.
Computer programs have been used to assist with data analysis for decades, but tools like Microsoft Excel and traditional relational database management systems (RDBMS) queried with SQL are not capable of handling today’s high-volume, high-velocity datasets. Instead, today’s data management professionals rely on high-powered data infrastructure designed to work with distributed file systems and cloud computing resources - particularly the open-source Apache Hadoop ecosystem, including high-speed data processing with Apache Spark and distributed SQL engines like Apache Hive.